HADITH-2

HADEETH
2

حديث


Introduction
Virtues of Knowledge:

Allah the Exalted says:
“And say: ‘My Lord! Increase me in knowledge.” (20:114)
“Are those who know equal to those who do not know?” (39:9)
“Allah will exalt in degree those of you who believe,and those who have been granted knowledge.” (58:11)
“It is only those who have knowledge among His slaves that fear Allah.” (35:28)

Narrated Mu’awiyah رضي الله عنه Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلمsaid,”When Allah wishes good for someone, He bestows upon him the understanding of religion.” [Al-Bukhari & Muslim]
Abu Hurayrahرضي الله عنه reported that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said,: “A person who follows a path for acquiring knowledge, Allah will make his way to the Paradise easy” [collected by Muslim]

Commentary:
Knowledge and understanding of Din(religion,i.e.Islam) here stands for the understanding of the Qur’an and Hadith, religious injunctions, and knowledge of the lawful and the unlawful. This Hadith highlights the excellence of knowledge and the fact that it is a sign of Allah’s Help to the person who possesses it and acts accordingly.


1-الإخلاص في العمل
عن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه قال :سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول:((إنما الأعمال بالنيات ,وإنما لكل امرئ ما نوى :فمن كانت هجرته إلى دنيا يصيبها ,أو إلى امرأة ينكحها ,فهجرته إلى ما هاجر إليه)) رواه البخاري

1-Acting with Sincerity
Umar ben Al-khattab رضي الله عنه said: I heard Allah’s messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم saying: “The reward of deeds depends upon the intentions and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended. So whoever emigrates for worldly benefits or for a woman to marry, his emigration will be for what he emigrated for” [Al-Bukhari]
Commentary:
The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said this Hadith on the occasion of someone’s emigration from Makkah to Al-Madina which was not for the sake of the Islamic cause but to marry a woman who had stipulated that he should emigrate if he wanted to marry her. Anyhow, this Hadeeth implies a general principle,i.e. one is rewarded for his deeds according to his real intentions and not according to his actual deeds which might be good in themselves but were motivated by an ill intention.
Instructions:
1-Intention is the base of any work in Islam .
2-If your intention is sincere (i.e.to please Allah), and your work is true (i.e., to follow the Prophet’s ways), Allah will accept it .
3-A Muslim is rewarded for all his worldly deeds if his intention is true,all his deeds are kinds of worshiping Allah sincerely such as a teacher while teaching, a student while studying,an employee while working,a businessman when trading,all those persons are worshiping Allah faithfully if their intentions are true,i.e,for the sake of Allah.
4-If a Muslim intends to do good work ,but he cannot do it , he will be rewarded for his good intention .
5-The true intention for the sake of Allah is a cause for one’s success in this life and in the hereafter .


2-التعاون بين المؤمنين
عن أبي موسى رضي الله عنه قال :قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم (( المؤمن للمؤمن كالبنيان يشد بعضه بعضا )) وشبك بين أصابعه . متفق عليه
2-Cooperation Among Muslims
Narrated Abu Musa رضي الله عنه :The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلمsaid: (( A believer to another believer is like a building whose different parts enforce each other )) The Prophet then clasped his hands with the fingers interlaced. [By Al Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
The Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلمis comparing the believers who cooperate and help each other to a building whose different parts support each other. Because a building cannot be complete and nobody can make use of it unless its different parts hold and strengthen each other; otherwise, its walls will crack and the whole building will fall down. Also,it is so difficult for a Muslim to practice his religious rituals and to spend his daily life without the help and the cooperation of his Muslim brothers;otherwise, he may fail in his life. But Allah knows best.
Instructions:
1-It is good to use examples such as ( the building ) to clarify the meaning and to make the image very close to our minds.
2-Cooperation among Muslims strengthens their faith and makes them very strong.
3-Urging and activating cooperation among Muslims.



3-تحريم العقوق وشهادة الزور

عن أبي بكرة رضي الله عنه قال :قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ((ألا أنبئكم بأكبر الكبائر ،ثلاثا.))قلنا،نعم.قال((الإشراك باالله،وعقوق الوالدين،وشهادة الزور،(أو قول الزور))) وكان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم متكئا فجلس. فما زال يكررها حتى قلنا :ليته سكت. متفق عليه

3-Prohibition of Disobedience of Parents
and False Witness
Narrated Abu Bakraرضي الله عنه : The Prophetصلى الله عليه وسلم said thrice , “Should I inform you about the greatest of the great sins ?” They said , Yes , O Allah’ s Messenger ! He said , “(1) To join others in worship with Allah , (2) To be undutiful to one’s parents .” The Prophet then sat up after he had been reclining (on a pillow ) and said , “(3) and I warn you against giving a lying speech (false statement)”, and he kept on saying that warning till we thought he would not stop. [Bukhari&Muslim]
Commentary:
There are many great sins and the major one is to associate partners with Allah in His Actions, or in worship, or in His Names, or in His Attributes. The Messenger started with this sin because it is the greatest sin in Islam. Then, he mentioned the disobedience of parents which is a great sin and Allah threatened those people who disobey their parents with severe punishment. A Muslim must honor his parents because they sympathetically took care of him/her since childhood and Allah ordered us to be dutiful to them and He forbade us from disobeying them in the following verse:
“And your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him .And that you be dutiful to your parents .If one of them or both of them attain old age in your life ,say not to them a word of disrespect ,nor shout at them but address them in terms of honor.
And lower unto them the wing of submission and humility through mercy, and say:”my Lord! Bestow on them Your Mercy as they did bring me up when I was small”. *

*Surah 17. Al-Isra’:: 23,24
A Muslim must listen, obey, and respect his parents because obeying them is a duty unless they order you to do a sin. Another prohibited deed is to give a false statement and to turn away from saying the truth intentionally .The Prophet was much concerned to tell his companions about giving a lying speech or a false testimony because it is so easy for a tongue to slip and people do not always care much for this dangerous sin .This great sin has many reasons such as malice, enmity,etc.The Prophet repeated this warning till the companions thought he would not stop. Therefore Muslims should care much not to commit one of the great sins which lead to the anger and punishment of Allah.
Instructions:
1-Directed guidance and advice of the messenger to his companions.
2-Prohibition of associating partners with Allah as well as disobedience of parents.
3-Forbidding telling lies and false testimony.
4-Kind sympathy of the companions with our Messenger and keeping away from annoying him.



4-تحريم العقوق وشهادة الزور

عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال ((آية المنافق ثلاث :إذا حدث كذب ،وإذا وعد أخلف، وإذا أؤتمن خان )) .رواه البخاري
4-The Signs of a Hypocrite
Narrated Abu Hurairaرضي الله عنه , the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلمsaid “The signs of a hypocrite are three:
1-Whenever he speaks, he tells a lie.
2-Whenever he promises, he always breaks it(his promise)
3-If you trust him, he proves to be dishonest” (e.g.If you keep something as a trust with him, he will not return it)). AlBukhari
Commentary:
This is a warning for Muslims against these three habits which lead to hypocrisy. This becomes clear when we know the story of a man called ‘Thaalabah about whom Allah said:
((And of them are some who made a covenant with Allah (saying):If He bestowed on us of His Bounty,we will verily ,give Sadaqa(zakat and voluntary charity in Allah s Cause) and will be certainly among those who are righteous.))
((Then when He gave them of His Bounty, they became niggardly {refused to pay the Sadaqa (zakat or voluntary charity)}, and turned away ,averse.))
((So He punished them by putting hypocrisy into their hearts till the Day whereon they shall meet Him, because they broke that (covenant with Allah) which they had promised Him and because they used to tell lies)). *
This man became a disbeliever because of breaking his promise and telling lies. Therefore, this Hadeeth is to warn people from adopting these bad manners that result in real hypocrisy.
* Surah 9 . At-Tauba :75,76,77

Instructions:
1- Islam is so great that it rejects the bad habits and the mean manners such as telling a lie, breaking a word, and cheating,etc.
2-Caution against hypocrisy because it is worse than disbelief (kufr ).
3-Not adopting any hypocritical attributes.
4-If characterized by these hypocritical attributes, a person will be hated by Allah and people.
5-From the believer’s attributes, are the following:
I- Whenever he speaks ,he does not tell a lie.
II- Whenever he promises, he never breaks it.
III-If you trust him, he proves to be honest.

5- حلاوة الإيمان
عن أنس رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال ((ثلاث من كن فيه وجد حلاوة الإيمان:أن يكون الله ورسوله أحب إليه مما سواهما ،وأن يحب المرء لا يحبه إلا لله،وأن يكره أن يعود في الكفر كما يكره أن يقذف في النار)).رواه البخاري

5-Sweetness (delight) of Faith
Narrated Anas رضي الله عنه:The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلمsaid, “whoever possesses the following three (qualities)will have the sweetness(delight)of faith:
1-The one to whom Allah and His Messenger (Muhammad) صلى الله عليه وسلمbecome dearer than anything else.
2-who loves a person and he loves him only for the sake of Allah.
3-who hates to revert to atheism(disbelief) as he hates to be thrown into the fire.” [Collected by Al Bukhari].
Commentary:
The Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلمcompares the desire of a believer for faith to a sweet thing.This Hadeeth reminds us of the story of the ill and the healthy persons because the ill person finds the taste of the honey bitter but the healthy one feels the sweetness of honey.And whenever his health decreases ,his taste will decreases . He used the word “sweet”because Allah Almighty compares the faith to a tree,Allah says: “See you not how Allah sets forth a parable?-A goodly word as a goodly tree,whose root is firmly fixed , and its branches (reach )to the sky(i.e.very high)
· Surah 14.Ibrahim(24)
·
· The word is the word of faith and sincerity which is the declaration of Tawheed(i.e.Oneness of Allah). The tree is the origin of faith ,and its branches are to observe Allah s orders and to avoid what He prohibited us from,and its leaves are everything good that a believer concerns much about,and its outcome is to obey Allah and the sweetness of the outcome is the harvest and then the sweetness shows up.
Instructions:
1-Necessity of loving Allah and His Messenger over all creatures.
2-Not obeying people by disobeying Allah and His Messenger.
3-Part of the perfectness of faith is that a muslim should love his muslim brother for the sake of Allah.
4-A muslim must hate disbelief as he hates to be thrown into Hell .
5-Whoever has these attributes he, therefore, feels delighted peaceful and secure.




6-ترك المسلم ما لا يعنيه
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال:قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم((من حسن إسلام المرء تركه ما لا يعنيه)).رواه الترمذي

6-Leaving the Unconcerned Things
On the authority of Abu Huraira رضي الله عنهwho said: the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلمsaid(( Part of someone’ s being a good Muslim is leaving away that which does not concern him)).collected by Al-Tirmithi.
Commetary:
This is a very important and great Hadeeth in both words and deeds. A Muslim should not speak about everything unless it concerns him. This Hadeeth also teaches us that we should not interfere with others affairs. We should not spend all our life to collect money and to get high ranks. Muslims should not seek praise, which they do not benefit from for their religion and for their worldly life.
Instructions:
1) Islam motivates Muslims to leave away whatever does not concern them.
2) Giving up things that do not concern Muslims including sayings and actions are an integral part of the perfect moral in Islam.
3) If you are not asked about something, do not try to answer.
4) Showing the way to the good is part of what concerns a Muslim.


7-النميمة
عن عبد الله بن مسعود رضي الله عنه ،قال:إن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال((ألا أنبئكم ما العضة؟هي النميمة القالة بين الناس)). رواه مسلم
7-Prohibition of Calumny
Narrated Ibn Masud رضي الله عنه:Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said,))Shall I tell you what )Al-Adhu)(falsehood and slandering) is? It is calumny which is committed among the people.))[Muslim]
Commentary:
Islam calls for harmony, mutual love (friendly relation),and cooperation.It warns against enmity and quarrel.One of the main reasons that destroy the basic elements of a society and break off relations between people is calumny.It causes hatred and alienation between Muslims .A talebearer and a liar may set people against each other within one hour which a magician cannot do through one year.Therefore,a Muslim should make sure of what he hears from others but not to depend in doubt .Allah Almighty says:{O you who believe !If a rebellious evil person comes to you with a news ,verify it,lest you harm people in ignorance,and afterwards you become regretful to what you have done}*
Becareful of the talebearer who has no dignity,nor does he have good morals because he intentionally harms people and becomes happy for causing calamity to people
Instructions:
1-Prohibition of backbiting and talebearing.
2-Calumny is one of the great sins.

*Surah 49.Al-Hujurat,verse:6


8-تحريم الغيبة
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال:" أتدرون ما الغيبة؟" قالوا: الله ورسوله أعلم. قال: "ذكرك أخاك بما يكره". قيل: أفرأيت إن كان في أخي ما أقول. قال:" إن كان فيه ما تقول، فقد اغتبته، وإن لم يكن فيه ما تقول فقد بهته" رواه مسلم


8-Forbiddance of Backbiting
Narrated Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه : Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said: “Do you know what backbiting is?” The companions said : Allah and His Messenger know better. Thereupon he said, “Backbiting is talking about your (Muslim)brother in a manner which he dislikes”. It was said to him :What if my (Muslim)brother is as I say.He صلى الله عليه وسلم replied: “If he is actually as you say, then that is backbiting;but if that is not in him , that is slandering” [Muslim]


Commentary:
In this Hadith,there is evidence that if a person talks about someone who is non-Muslim, that is not backbiting. The word (brother) in this Hadith is intentionally used to draw the attention of the talker not to backbite his Muslim brother. Because if he is his brother, he should forgive him,keep his faults secret,and expect good of (to see promising signs in) his defects, but not to spread them.But if there is a person who never dislikes people to talk about his defects such as immoral and shameless (impious) people, thereupon, it is no more backbiting. Finally, prohibition of backbiting is well known and agreed upon in Islam.

Instructions:
1-Care of Islam for Muslims honor
2-Prohibition of backbiting which means to mention your Muslim brother in a manner which he dislikes
3-Backbiting is one cause of hatred among Muslims
4-Forbidding falsehood among Muslims
5-Mentioning your Muslim brother flaws, even if they are true, is backbiting
6-Rightfulness of mentioning your Muslim brother in a manner which he likes
A Note:
This Hadith which elaborates the meaning of backbiting and slander points out the difference between the two along with the evils of each one of them. Both these evils are mischief of the tongue and entail great troubles. May Allah save us from both.

9-حق الجار على الجار
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال:قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " من كان يؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر فلا يؤذ جاره، ومن كان يؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر فليكرم ضيفه، ومن كان يؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر فليقل خيراً أو ليسكت". متفق عليه
9- Rights of Neighbor
Narrated Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه : Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said: “He who believes in Allah and the Last Day must not harm his neighbor ; and he who believes in Allah and the Last Day must show hospitality to his guest; and he who believes in Allah and the Last Day must speak good or remain silent.” [Al-Bukhari & Muslim]
Commentary:
In this Hadith, keeping the rights of the neighbor is an integral part of faith perfection and harming him is one of the great sins in Islam as the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said in this Hadith “ He who believes in Allah and the Last Day must not harm his neighbor” Righteous Muslim neighbors are distinguished from others. Muslims should do good for all neighbors,advise them kindly,make supplication(du’a) for them to follow the right path,and not to harm them.
Instructions:
1-Motivation of Islam to what make people love and help each other.
2-Cooperation among neighbors strengthens their relationships.
3-Not hurting neighbor’s child in words or deeds is kind.
4-It is prohibited to look at your neighbor’s house from the rooftop or through the door hole.
5-Forbiddance of harming your neighbors by any means.
6-Hospitality to a guest is dutiful.
7-Being talkative keeps away from perfect faith.


10-النظافة من الإسلام
عن عبد الله بن مسعود رضي الله عنه، عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: " لا يدخل الجنة من كان في قلبه مثقال ذرة من كبر" قال رجل: إن الرجل يحب أن يكون ثوبه حسناً، ونعله حسنة. قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " إن الله جميل يحب الجمال. الكبر: بطر الحق وغمط الناس". رواه مسلم
10-Cleanliness is Part of Islam
Narrated Abdullah ben Masud رضي الله عنه: Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said: “He who has ,in his heart, a grain of arrogance will not enter Paradise.” Someone said : How about a person who likes to wear beautiful clothes and shoes? Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said “ All of Allah’s Affairs are Beautiful and He likes beauty; arrogance means ridiculing and rejecting the Truth ,and despising people.” [Muslim]
Commentary:
This Hadith motivates cleanliness and forbids self-pride. The Hadith says that a man who has even a little bit of self-pride in his heart will be barred from entering Paradise. If pride incites a man to deny the existence of Allah and His Revelation, he is sure to be thrown into Hell. Divine displeasure and the danger of infernal fire if mere consideration of riches, physical beauty, social and intellectual prominence and family status makes him proud and self-conceited and he looks down upon others,or persists in the denial of Truth.First, he will receive punishment and only then will be admitted into Paradise. A good dress,however, is not counted the sign of pride. Islam,however, encourages Muslims to be clean.
Instructions:
1-Forbiddance of arrogance and scorning people
2-Cleanliness involves everything that a person wears and uses
3-Care of keeping the house,the school,and the street clean
4-Admiration of taking shower at least once a week

TAWHEED - 2

TAWHEED

1

توحيد


The meaning of [the confession]: Lâ ilâha illallâh (The first confession of a Muslim which means: ‘None has the right to be worshipped but Allâh’) and its conditions:

The conditions of Lâ ilâha illallâh and its meaning:
Lâ ilâha illallâh is the key to Paradise, but every key should have teeth by which it opens or it would not be useful.

The conditions of Lâ ilâha illallâh are the teeth of this key, and they are:

1. Knowing its meaning, which is the negation of worship except to Allâh, then confirming it only to Him.

Allâh I said, “فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ لا إِلَهَ إِلا اللَّهُ” – meaning – {Know, therefore, None has the right to be worshipped but Allâh, and ask forgiveness for your fault, and for the men and women who believed.} This means that there is no truly worshipped god in earth so is in heaven except Allâh.

And the Prophet r said, “من مات وهو يعلم أنه” - meaning - “Whoever dies while he knows that there is no true god worthier to be worshipped but Allâh shall enter the Paradise”. Reported by Muslim.

2. The certainty, which negates doubt. This could be only achieved by having a certain heart, which never doubts in it.
Allâh I said, “إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَرْتَابُوا” - meaning – {Only those are Believers who have believed in Allâh and His Messenger, and have never since doubted in it.}
And the Prophet r said, “أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله” - meaning – “Any slave who meets with Allâh, bearing witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allâh, and that I am his Messenger, without entertaining any doubt about these (two fundamentals), will not be banished from entering Paradise”.

3. Accepting whatever this word necessitates in heart and saying, Allâh said about disbelievers: “إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا إِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ لا إِلَهَ إِلا اللَّهُ يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ. وَيَقُولُونَ أَئِنَّا لَتَارِكُو آلِهَتِنَا لِشَاعِرٍ مَجْنُونٍ” - meaning – {For they, when they were told that none has the right to be worshipped but Allâh, would puff themselves up with Pride. And say: "What! Shall we give up our gods for the sake of a Poet possessed?’}, this means that they disobeyed to say it where believers did.
And the Prophet r said, “أمرت أن أقاتل الناس” - meaning - “I have been ordered (by Allâh) to fight the people till they say, ‘None has the right to be worshipped but Allâh’, and whoever said it then he will save his life and property from me except on trespassing the law (rights and conditions for which he will be punished justly)”.

4. Submission and surrender to what it shows.
Allâh I said, “وَأَنِيبُوا إِلَى رَبِّكُمْ وَأَسْلِمُوا لَهُ” - meaning – {Turn yourselves to your Lord (in repentance) and bow to His (Will)}.

5. The Truth, which negates lying. This means that one should say it truly from heart.
Allâh I said, “الم. أَحَسِبَ النَّاسُ أَنْ يُتْرَكُوا أَنْ يَقُولُوا آمَنَّا وَهُمْ لا يُفْتَنُونَ. وَلَقَدْ فَتَنَّا الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ فَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ صَدَقُوا وَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ الْكَاذِبِينَ” - meaning – {Alif Lam Mim. Do men think that they will be left alone on saying, "We believe," and that they will not be tested? We did test those before them, and Allâh will certainly know those who are true from those who are false (believers).}
And the Prophet r said, “ما من أحد يشهد” - meaning – “If anyone testifies (sincerely from his heart) that there is no god but Allâh, and that Muhammad r is His bondsman and His messenger, Allâh immunes him from Hell Fire.”

6. Loyalty, which is the purification of the deeds with the good intention from any kind of Shirk (polytheism).

Allâh I said, “وَمَا أُمِرُوا إِلا لِيَعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ” - meaning – {And they have been commanded no more than this: to worship Allâh, offering Him sincere devotion, being True (in faith).}
And the Prophet r said, “أسعد الناس بشفاعتي” - meaning - “The luckiest person who will have my intercession on the Day of Resurrection will be the one who said, 'None has the right to be worshipped but Allâh,' sincerely from the bottom of his heart.”
And he also said, “إن الله حرم على النار من قال” - meaning – “Allâh immuned from Hell Fire whomever he said, ‘Lâ ilâha illallâh’ only aiming at the face of Allâh Glorified and Exalted (desiring His Satisfaction)”

7. Loving this pure word and loving whatever it necessitates or shows, and loving its people who perform its meaning and take it strongly with its conditions, and hate whatever may negate that.

Allâh I said, “وَمِنْ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَتَّخِذُ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ أَندَادًا يُحِبُّونَهُمْ كَحُبِّ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَشَدُّ حُبًّا لِلَّهِ” - meaning – {Yet there are men who take (for worship) others besides Allâh, as equal (with Allâh): they love them as they should love Allâh, but those of Faith are overflowing in their love for Allâh}.
And the Prophet r said, “ثلاث من كن فيه” - meaning - “Whoever possesses the following three qualities will taste the sweetness of faith:

1. The one to whom Allâh and His Messenger become dearer than anything else.
2. Who loves a person and he loves him only for Allâh's sake.3. Who hates to revert to disbelief (Atheism) after Allâh has brought (saved) him out from it, as much as he hates to be thrown in fire.”

8. To disbelieve in Tawagheet (those who are worshipped or wrongly obeyed other than Allâh). These are the worshipped gods else than Allâh. Moreover, to believe in Allâh as a Lord and a truly worshipped God.
Allâh I said, “لا إِكْرَاهَ فِي الدِّينِ قَدْ تَبَيَّنَ الرُّشْدُ مِنْ الغَيِّ فَمَنْ يَكْفُرْ بِالطَّاغُوتِ وَيُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ فَقَدْ اسْتَمْسَكَ بِالْعُرْوَةِ الْوُثْقَى لا انفِصَامَ لَهَا وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ” - meaning – {Let there be no compulsion in religion: Truth stands out clear from Error: whoever rejects Evil and believes in Allâh has grasped the most trustworthy hand-hold, that never breaks. And Allâh is the All-Hearer All-Knower}.
And the Prophet r said, “من قال لا إله إلا الله” - meaning – “He who professed that there is no god but Allâh and made a denial of everything which the people worship besides Allâh, his property and blood became inviolable.”

The meaning of [the confession]: Muhammad-ur-Rasûl-Allâh
(The second confession of a Muslim, which means: Muhammad r is the Messenger of Allâh).
The belief that he is sent from Allâh, so that we should believe him in what he has informed, and obey him in what he has ordered, and leave what he has forbade, and worship Allâh as he has decreed. Moreover, we should believe that he is the last (end) of the Prophets and that his Message (Islâm) is quite general for all mankind and jinn.
In fact, the veneration of the Prophet with his orders and prohibition and sticking to his rules are the true expression for the real meaning of this testimony (confession).
However, this is a mere submission to the orders of Allâh, who sent him to all people as a bearer of glad tidings, and a warner, and as one who invites to Allâh (Islâmic Monotheism, i.e. to worship none but Allâh Alone) by His Leave, and as a lamp spreading light (through his instructions from the Qur’ân and the Sunnah – the Legal ways of the Prophet)

Our duty towards the Prophet of Allâh r.

1. Believing him.
Allâh I said, “وَمَا يَنْطِقُ عَنْ الْهَوَى” - meaning – {Nor does he say (aught) of (his own) Desire}.

2. Patterning after him.
Allâh I said, “قُلْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُحِبُّونَ اللَّهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِي يُحْبِبْكُمْ اللَّهُ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ” - meaning – {Say (O Muhammad r): "If you do love Allâh, then follow me: Allâh will love you and forgive you your sins’}, and He also said, “لَقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ” - meaning – {You have indeed in the Messenger of Allâh r a beautiful pattern (of conduct)}, and said, “قُلْ يَاأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ جَمِيعًا الَّذِي لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأرْضِ لا إِلَهَ إِلا هُوَ يُحْيِ وَيُمِيتُ فَآمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ النَّبِيِّ الأمِّيِّ الَّذِي يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَكَلِمَاتِهِ وَاتَّبِعُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُونَ” - meaning – {Say (O Muhammad r): "O men! I am sent unto you all, as the Messenger of Allâh, to Whom the dominion of the heavens and the earth belongs: there is no worthy god to be worshipped but He: it is He Who gives both life and death. So believe in Allâh and His Messenger, the unlettered Prophet, who believed in Allâh and His Words: follow him that (so) you may be guided}.

3. Decreeing his love.
Allâh I said, “قُلْ إِنْ كَانَ آبَاؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَاؤُكُمْ وَإِخْوَانُكُمْ وَأَزْوَاجُكُمْ وَعَشِيرَتُكُمْ وَأَمْوَالٌ اقْتَرَفْتُمُوهَا وَتِجَارَةٌ تَخْشَوْنَ كَسَادَهَا وَمَسَاكِنُ تَرْضَوْنَهَا أَحَبَّ إِلَيْكُمْ مِنْ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَجِهَادٍ فِي سَبِيلِهِ فَتَرَبَّصُوا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ اللَّهُ بِأَمْرِهِ وَاللَّهُ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْفَاسِقِينَ” - meaning – “Say (O Muhammad r): If it be that your fathers, your sons, your brothers, your mates, or your kindred; the wealth that you have gained; the commerce in which you fear a decline; or the dwellings in which you delight - are dearer to you than Allâh, Or His Messenger, or the striving in His cause - then wait until Allâh brings about His decision: and Allâh guides not the rebellious.”And the Prophet r said, “لا يؤمن أحدكم حتى” - meaning – “None amongst you is a truthful believer till he loves me more than he loves his father, his son, and all mankind.”

4. Adoration of Allâh the way he decreed.
Allâh I said, “وما ينطق عن الهوى” - meaning – “Nor does he say (aught) of (his own) Desire”, and the Prophet r said, “من عمل عملا ليس عليه أمرنا فهو رد” - meaning – “He who innovates things in these affairs of ours, for which there is no valid (reason), his innovations are to be rejected.”
And Allâh said also: “مَنْ يُطِعْ الرَّسُولَ فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ” - meaning – {He who obeys the Messenger, has in fact obeyed Allâh.}

5. Avoiding cause harm to him.

Allâh I said, “وَمِنْهُمْ الَّذِينَ يُؤْذُونَ النَّبِيَّ وَيَقُولُونَ هُوَ أُذُنٌ قُلْ أُذُنُ خَيْرٍ لَكُمْ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَيُؤْمِنُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَرَحْمَةٌ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ يُؤْذُونَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ” - meaning – {Among them are men who molest the Prophet and say, "He is (all) ear." Say (O Muhammad r), "He listens to what is best for you: he believes in Allâh, has faith in the Believers and is a Mercy to those of you who believe." But those who molest the Prophet will have a grievous punishment.}
In fact, the phrase ‘molest the Prophet’ here includes: his honorable body, what he has sent by from Allâh, his Sunnah, his family, his wives – the mothers of believers – and his honorable companions.

6. Reciting prayer and peace upon him.

Allâh I said, “إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَمَلائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا” - meaning – {Allâh and His Angels send blessings on the Prophet: O you that believe! send you blessings on him, and salute him with all respect}, and narrated Abu Huraira that the Prophet r said, “من صلى علي واحدة، صلى الله عليه عشراً” - meaning – “He who recites prayer and peace upon me once, Allâh would bless him ten times.”

How to recite prayer on the Prophet:

Narrated Kaab bin Ujrah, the Prophet r said, “قولوا اللهم صل على محمد” - meaning – “Say: ‘O Allâh! Send Your Mercy on Muhammad r and on the family of Muhammad r, as You sent Your Mercy on Ibrahim (Abraham) and on the family of Ibrahim (Abraham), for You are the Most Praiseworthy, the Most Glorious. O Allâh! Send Your Blessings on Muhammad r and the family of Muhammad r, as You sent your Blessings on Ibrahim (Abraham) and on the family of Ibrahim (Abraham), for You are the Most Praiseworthy, the Most Glorious’.”


At-Tawhîd (Islâmic Monotheism)

At-Tawhîd (Islâmic Monotheism) is to consider and believe in one God, unification of Allâh is to believe in His Oneness of Rububiah (Lordship) and His Holy Names and Qualities, and to believe that He is the Owning Lord Who only deserves to be worshipped. Therefore, At-Tawhîd (Islâmic Monotheism) is to perform Monotheism Allâh in all what is specified for Him among all said and done adoration, and it is the basis of Islâm, from which its ordinances, regulations, orders and prohibitions originated.

The Surplus of At-Tawhîd (Islâmic Monotheism)

1. It is a reason for entering Paradise and get out of the Hell fire.
Allâh I said, “لَقَدْ كَفَرَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْمَسِيحُ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ وَقَالَ الْمَسِيحُ يَابَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ رَبِّي وَرَبَّكُمْ إِنَّهُ مَنْ يُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ فَقَدْ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ وَمَأْوَاهُ النَّارُ وَمَا لِلظَّالِمِينَ مِنْ أَنصَارٍ” - meaning – “They did blaspheme who said: "Allâh is Christ the son of Mary." But said Isa (Jesus): "O Children of Israel! Worship Allâh, my Lord and your Lord." Whoever joins other gods with Allâh, Allâh will forbid him the Paradise, and the Fire will be his abode. There will for the wrongdoers be no one to help.”.

Muslim (a Hadith Scholar) narrated that the Prophet r said, “من لقي الله” - meaning – “He who meets with Allâh not adopting a partner with Him in worship shall enter Paradise, and he who meets Him adopting a partner with Him in worship shall enter Hell Fire.” And Utban narrated that the Prophet r said, “فإن الله حرم على النار” - meaning – “..for Allâh has immuned Hell Fire from (reaching) who said, ‘Lâ ilâha illallâh’ desiring by that only the Face of Allâh (His Satisfaction).”

2. It is a condition for the acceptance of deeds, and polytheism causes them to be nullified.

Allâh I said, “وَلَقَدْ أُوحِيَ إِلَيْكَ وَإِلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ لَئِنْ أَشْرَكْتَ لَيَحْبَطَنَّ عَمَلُكَ وَلَتَكُونَنَّ مِنْ الْخَاسِرِينَ” - meaning – {But it has already been revealed to you, - as it was to those before you - "If you were to join (gods with Allâh), truly fruitless will be your work (in life), and you will surely be in the ranks of those who lose (all spiritual good)}, and He said, “فَمَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُوا لِقَاءَ رَبِّهِ فَلْيَعْمَلْ عَمَلا صَالِحًا وَلا يُشْرِكْ بِعِبَادَةِ رَبِّهِ أَحَدًا” - meaning – “So, whoever expects to meet his Lord, let him work righteousness, and, in the worship of his Lord, admit no one as partner.”.

Imam Abu Abdi-llah At-Tastari (may Allâh be Merciful with him) said, “Faith is in saying, deed, intention, and Sunnah; so if there was a saying without a deed, then it is a Kufr (disbelief), or if it was a saying and a deed without an intention, then it is hypocrisy, and if it was a saying, an intention, and a deed without a Sunnah, then it is a Bid’a (novelty).”

3. It expiates sins and erases them, for Allâh says in the Qudsi Hadith (Sacred Tradition which was reported by the Prophet as the Saying of Allâh), “يا ابن آدم” - meaning – “O son of Adam, were you to come to Me with sins nearly as great as the earth and were you then to face Me, ascribing no partner to Me, I would bring you forgiveness nearly as great as your sins.”


1. Tawhîd Ar-Rububiah (Islâmic Monotheism of Allâh’s Lordship)

This is a belief that Allâh has created mankind and bestowed upon them their means of living, and can give life to them and can take it from them. Or we can say that it is the Monotheism of Allâh in His deeds, like the belief that he is the Creator and the Providor.
In fact, the earlier disbelievers have admitted this kind of belief, and so have Jewish, Nazareth, Sabians and Magans people. No body denied this Tawhîd except Dahriah in the passed time.

The Proof of Tawhîd Ar-Rububiah:

One thing can be said to these ignorant people who deny the existence of the Bountiful Lord: no rational person can accept an impact without an effect, or an action without a doer or a creation without a Creator.

Moreover, it is quite obvious that if you see a needle, you would certainly be assured that it has a Maker. So what can be said about this marvelous bright universe, which dazzle sights? Has it been created without a Creator and found without a finder? And much more, have it been organized without an organizer, and all what exists in this universe, stars, clouds, lightening, thunders, deserts, seas, day and night, dark and light, trees and roses, jinn and mankind, Angels and animals, and all sorts of uncountable creatures? Have all of these been found without a Finder Who could create them from nothing.

No one, who has a tip of rationalism, can say that. In short, proofs of Ar-Rububiah (Lordship) of Allâh can not be counted, and He Spoke the Truth when He said, “أَمْ خُلِقُوا مِنْ غَيْرِ شَيْءٍ أَمْ هُمْ الْخَالِقُونَ” - meaning – {Were they created of nothing, or were they themselves the creators?}, and when He said, “اللَّهُ خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَكِيلٌ” - meaning – {Allâh is the Creator of all things, and He is the Guardian and Disposer of all affairs}.

One of the rational evidences we were talking about is a debate between Abu Hanifah (may Allâh be Merciful with him) and a group of scholastic people who were arguing with him Tawhîd Ar-Rububiah (Islâmic Monotheism for Allâh’s Lordship). Abu Hanifah asked them, “ before we talk about this issue would you tell me about that ship in Dijlah River, which has loaded itself with food and goods, and then returned by itself, after all it anchored and emptied its goods without having someone to direct?”, “ this is quite impossible, and could not happen by any way!” they said, then Abu Hanifah told them, “what would you then say about all this upper and lower universe??” – and this story was narrated about someone other than Abu Hanifah.

The Proof that the polytheists admitted Tawhîd Ar-Rububuiah (Islâmic Monotheism for Allâh’s Lordship)

Allâh I said, “وَلَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ قُلْ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لا يَعْلَمُونَ”

- meaning – “If you ask them, who it is that created the heavens and the earth, they will certainly say, "Allâh." Say (O Muhammad r): " All Praise be to Allâh." But most of them understand not.”

And He said, “قُلْ مَنْ يَرْزُقُكُمْ مِنْ السَّمَاءِ وَالأرْضِ أَمَّنْ يَمْلِكُ السَّمْعَ وَالأبْصَارَ وَمَنْ يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنْ الْمَيِّتِ وَيُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنْ الْحَيِّ وَمَنْ يُدَبِّرُ الأمْرَ فَسَيَقُولُونَ اللَّهُ فَقُلْ أَفَلا تَتَّقُونَ. فَذَلِكُمْ اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ الْحَقُّ فَمَاذَا بَعْدَ الْحَقِّ إِلا الضَّلالُ فَأَنَّا تُصْرَفُونَ” -

meaning – {Say (O Muhammad r): "Who is it that sustains you (in life) from the sky and from the earth? Or who is it that has power over hearing and sight? And who is it that brings out the living from the dead and the dead from the living? And who is it that rules and regulates all affairs?" They will soon say, "Allâh." Say (O Muhammad r), "Will you not then show piety (to Him)?" Such is Allâh, your real Cherisher and Sustainer: apart from Truth, what (remains) but error? How then are you turned away?}

And He said, “وَلَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ خَلَقَهُنَّ الْعَزِيزُ الْعَلِيمُ” -

meaning – {If you were to question them, 'Who created the heavens and the earth?' They would be sure to reply, 'They were created by (Him), the Exalted in Power, full of Knowledge.}

Remark: Tawhîd Ar-Rububiah (Islâmic Monotheism for Allâh’s Lordship) is not enough to embrace Islâm unless Tawhîd Al-Uluhiah (Islâmic Monotheism for Allâh’s Worship) is adopted too.

2- Tawhîd Al-Uluhiah (Islâmic Monotheism for Allâh’s Worship)

It is called also Tawhîd Al-Ibadah (Oneness of Worship), which means to perform Monotheism for Allâh in worship because He only deserves to be worshipped not anybody else, no matter how noble and how honorable he is.

In fact, it is the kind of Monotheism with which the Messengers of Allâh have been sent to their people. This is because the Messengers of Allâh were sent to admit Tawhîd Ar-Rububiah, which was already adopted by their people and then asked to call them believe in Tawhîd Al-Uluhiah, as Allâh told about them in His Glorified Book.


Allâh said informing about Noah,

“وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا إِلَى قَوْمِهِ إِنِّي لَكُمْ نَذِيرٌ مُبِينٌ. أَنْ لا تَعْبُدُوا إِلا اللَّهَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ أَلِيمٍ” -

meaning – {We sent Nuh (Noah) to his People (with a mission): "I have come to you with a Clear Warning: "That you serve none but Allâh: verily I do fear for you the Penalty of a Grievous Day.}, and He informed about Moses in his debate with Pharaoh,

“قَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَمَا رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ. قَالَ رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا إنْ كُنتُمْ مُوقِنِينَ” -

meaning – {Pharaoh said: "And what is the 'Lord and Cherisher of the worlds'?

(Moses) said: "The Lord and Cherisher of the heavens and the earth, and all between, if you want to be quite sure."}, and Allâh told us about Jesus:

“إِنَّ اللَّهَ رَبِّي وَرَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ هَذَا صِرَاطٌ مُسْتَقِيمٌ” -

meaning – {It is Allâh Who is my Lord and your Lord; then worship Him. This is a Way that is straight}, and Allâh has ordered His Prophet Muhammad r to say to the people of the Book:

“قُلْ يَاأَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَلا نَعْبُدَ إِلا اللَّهَ وَلا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَلا يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضًا أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ” -

meaning – “Say (O Muhammad r): "O People of the Book! Come to common terms as between us and you: that we worship none but Allâh; that we associate no partners with Him; that we erect not, from among ourselves, Lords and patrons other than Allâh},

and finally He said calling mankind:

“يَاأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اعْبُدُوا رَبَّكُمْ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ” -

meaning – {O you people! Adore your Guardian Lord, Who created you and those who came before you, that you may have the chance to learn righteousness.}
As a whole, all Messengers were sent to admit Tawhîd Al-Uluhiah (Islâmic Monotheism for Allâh’s Worship), and to call their people for the Monotheism of Allâh in worship, and avoiding worshipping Tawagheet and statues.
Likely,

Allâh I said,

“وَلَقَدْ بَعَثْنَا فِي كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ رَسُولا أَنْ اُعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَاجْتَنِبُوا الطَّاغُوتَ” -

meaning – {For We assuredly sent amongst every People a messenger, (with the Command), "Serve Allâh, and eschew Evil}, and the call of all Allâh’s Messengers to their people was heard and understood, and the first thing they used to hear,

“قَالَ يَاقَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَا لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلَهٍ غَيْرُهُ” -

meaning – {He said: "O my people! Worship Allâh! you have no other Ilah (god) but Him}.


What is worshipping?

The linguistic meaning of worship is subservience and submission. And in Shri’a (Islâmic Legislation), it is as Shiekh Al-Islâm Ibn Taimiah said, “it is the obedience of Allâh, in doing what He has ordered through His Messengers. And he said also: “worship is a collective name for all what Allâh likes and pleases at among actions, sayings and deeds apparently and concealed”. Therefore, Muslim has to admit Oneness to His Lord in all kinds of worships, and do it sincerely the way the Prophet has ruled by word and deed.

Worship comprehends the following kinds.

Be informed that worship comprehends Salat (Prayer), Tawaf (circumambulating), Hajj (Pilgrimage), Syiamm (Fasting), Nathr (Vow), Ietikaf (seclusion), Thabh (slaughtering), Sujud (prostration), Ruku (kneeling), Khawf (fear), Rahbah (awe), Raghbah (desire), Khashiah (fear causing avoidance), Tawakkul (depending), Istighathah (call upon for help), and Rajaa (hope) and many other kinds of worship which were decreed by Allâh in His Noble Book, or by His Messenger in the Sound Sunnah in word and deed. Therefore, if any of these is offered to someone besides Allâh, then this is considered Shirk (Polytheism),

for Allâh says,

“وَمَنْ يَدْعُ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ لا بُرْهَانَ لَهُ بِهِ فَإِنَّمَا حِسَابُهُ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِ إِنَّهُ لا يُفْلِحُ الْكَافِرُونَ” -

meaning – {If anyone invokes, besides Allâh, any other god, he has no authority therefor; and his reckoning will be only with his Lord! And verily the Unbelievers will fail to win through!}, and

He says,

“وَأَنَّ الْمَسَاجِدَ لِلَّهِ فَلا تَدْعُوا مَعَ اللَّهِ أَحَدًا” -

meaning – “And the places of worship are for Allâh (alone): so call not upon anyone along with Allâh;”. And “Anyone” here includes all creatures no matter if they were Messengers, Angels, or good men.

The first time Shirk (Polytheism) occurred:

If what preceded is known, then be informed that the first time Shirk has occurred was in Noah’s people, but when Allâh sent Noah to them invoke them to worship Allâh alone and leave all those worshipped statues, they resisted and insisted and opposed Noah by accusing him of lying and disbelief.

Moreover, they said, as in the Qur’ân:

“وَقَالُوا لا تَذَرُنَّ آلِهَتَكُمْ وَلا تَذَرُنَّ وَدًّا وَلا سُوَاعًا وَلا يَغُوثَ وَيَعُوقَ وَنَسْرًا” -

meaning – “And they have said (to each other),`Abandon not your gods: abandon neither Wadd nor Suwa, neither Yaguth nor ya'uq, nor Nasr”.

Narrated in the Sahih (Al-Bukhari) that Ibn Abbass said, “All the idols which were worshipped by the people of Noah formerly belonged to some pious men of the people of Noah, and when they died Satan inspired their people to (prepare) and place idols at the places where they used to sit, and to call those idols by their names. The people did so, but the idols were not worshipped till those people (who initiated them) had died and the origin of the idols had become obscure, whereupon people began worshipping them.”

Ibn Al-Qayyim said, “More than one among the Salaf (Good Ancestors) said, ‘when they died, they went to their graves and placed idols for them, and when time passed, they worshipped them’.”

The main reason of Shirk is the extravagance in pious people
From this point we realize that Shirk happened among children of Adam because of the extravagance in pious people.

Extravagance means excessiveness in glorification in word and belief. This is why Allâh I said,

“يَاأَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ لا تَغْلُوا فِي دِينِكُمْ وَلا تَقُولُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ إِلا الْحَقَّ إِنَّمَا الْمَسِيحُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَكَلِمَتُهُ أَلْقَاهَا إِلَى مَرْيَمَ وَرُوحٌ مِنْهُ” -

meaning – “O People of the Book! commit no excesses in your religion: nor say of Allâh aught but the truth. Isa (Jesus) the son of Mary was (no more than) A Messenger of Allâh, and His Word, which He bestowed on Mary, and a Spirit proceeding from Him”.

Furthermore, ‘Aishah said, ‘when the last moment of the life of Allâh's Messenger came, he started putting his 'Khamisa' on his face. And when he felt hot and short of breath he took it off his face and said,

“لعنة الله على اليهود والنصارى” -

meaning – “May Allâh curse the Jews and Christians for they built the places of worship at the graves of their Prophets.” The Prophet was warning (Muslims) of what those had done. Otherwise, he would have protruded his grave, but he feared it might be taken as places of worship’. Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim.

In fact, extravagance appeared mostly in poetry and prose until they allowed to call the Prophet for help and so they did for the rest of the pious people. Moreover, they claimed that he – Allâh’s Messenger – knows about Al-Ghaib (unseen world), and some of them said that he did not die before he had known all what had been and what will be, contradicting by this saying the Qur’ân:

“وَعِنْدَهُ مَفَاتِحُ الْغَيْبِ لا يَعْلَمُهَا إِلا هُوَ” -

meaning – {With Him are the keys of the Unseen, the treasures that none knows but He}, and what Allâh I said,

“إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الأرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ” -

meaning – “Verily the knowledge of the Hour (Dooms Day) is with Allâh (alone). It is He Who sends down rain and He Who knows what is in the wombs. Nor does anyone know what it is that he will earn on the morrow; nor does anyone know in what land he is to die. Verily with Allâh is full knowledge and He is acquainted (with all things)”.

In fact, Allâh informed us that He ordered His Messenger to say,

“وَلَوْ كُنتُ أَعْلَمُ الْغَيْبَ لاسْتَكْثَرْتُ مِنْ الْخَيْرِ وَمَا مَسَّنِي السُّوءُ” -

meaning – “If I had knowledge of the unseen, I should have multiplied all good, and no evil should have touched me”, and say:

“قُلْ لا يَعْلَمُ مَنْ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأرْضِ الْغَيْبَ إِلا اللَّهُ” -

meaning – “Say (O Muhammad r), None in the heavens or on earth, except Allâh, knows what is hidden: nor can they perceive when they shall be raised up (for Judgment).”




Tawhîd Al-Asma’ Was-Sifat (Islâmic Monotheism of Allâh’s Names and Qualities)

Tawhîd Al-Asma’ Was-Sifat (Islâmic Monotheism of Allâh’s Names and Qualities) is to perform Monotheism for Allâh in His Names and Descriptions, and this should happen by confirming what He has confirmed among Names and Descriptions for Himself in His Book, or what His Messenger has confirmed to Him as well; without any Tahrif (distortion) or Ta’til (suspension), or Takyif (adaptation), or Tamthil (likening). And what follows are the Rules of Names and Qualities.

First Rule: Names of Allâh are all Best Names and His descriptions are all Superior and Perfect,

He says,

“وَلِلَّهِ الْمَثَلُ الأعْلَى” -

meaning – “..to Allâh applies the highest similitude.”,

and He says,

“وَلِلَّهِ الأسْمَاءُ الْحُسْنَى فَادْعُوهُ بِهَا” -

meaning – “The most beautiful Names belong to Allâh: so call on Him by them”.

Second Rule: Names and Descriptions of Allâh are all Tawkifiah (suspended in word and meaning as they were descended nothing more and nothing less), and the reference in them is just the Noble Book of Allâh and the Sunnah; and they are not limited to a certain number, but rather some of them only were known.

Allâh I said,

“قُلْ إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ رَبِّي الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَنَ وَالإثْمَ وَالْبَغْيَ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَأَنْ تُشْرِكُوا بِاللَّهِ مَا لَمْ يُنَزِّلْ بِهِ سُلْطَانًا وَأَنْ تَقُولُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ مَا لا تَعْلَمُونَ” -

meaning – {Say (O Muhammad r): The things that my Lord has indeed forbidden are: shameful deeds, whether open or secret; sins and trespasses against truth or reason; assigning of partners to Allâh, for which He has given no authority; and saying things about Allâh of which you have no knowledge.}

And said,

“ وَلا تَقْفُ مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ إِنَّ السَّمْعَ وَالْبَصَرَ وَالْفُؤَادَ كُلُّ أُوْلَئِكَ كَانَ عَنْهُ مَسْئُولا” -

meaning – {And pursue not that of which you has no knowledge; for every act of hearing, or of seeing, or of (feeling in) the heart will be inquired into (on the Day of Reckoning)}.

Third Rule: it is forbidden to confirm a Name or a Description to Allâh by likening, for Allâh I said,

“لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْءٌ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ البَصِيرُ” -

meaning – {There is nothing whatever like unto Him, and He is the All-Seer All-Hearer)}, and

He said,

“فَلا تَضْرِبُوا لِلَّهِ الأمْثَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ وَأَنْتُمْ لا تَعْلَمُونَ” -

meaning – {Invent not similitudes for Allâh: for Allâh knows, and you know not}.
Likewise, it is forbidden to deny a Name or a Description to Allâh which is already found in the Qur’ân or in the Sunnah because this is Ishrak (Polytheism) with Allâh and Taateel (suspension) to His Names and Descriptions, the matter that leads to distort Divine Scriptures, or may lead to its denial and assimilation of Allâh with His creatures.

Fourth Rule: the meanings of Allâh’s Names and Descriptions are well known but no body knows their manner of action except Allâh.

Allâh I said,

“وَلا يُحِيطُونَ بِهِ عِلْمًا” -

meaning – {But they shall not compass it with their knowledge}.

Fifth Rule: similarity of names does not mean at all the similarity of the named. This is because Allâh has named Himself with Names, which could be applied to some of His creatures, and so as to descriptions like hearing and seeing, but not the hearer is like the Hearer and not the seer is like the Perceiver.


Contradicting Aspects of Islâm
These ten are the most dangerous and widespread contradicting aspects of Islâm:

First: Shirk in worshipping Allâh, Allâh I said,

“إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَغْفِرُ أَنْ يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَلِكَ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ” -

meaning – {Allâh forgives not (the sin of) joining other gods with Him; but He forgives whom He pleases other sins than this}.

And He said,

“إِنَّهُ مَنْ يُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ فَقَدْ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ وَمَأْوَاهُ النَّارُ وَمَا لِلظَّالِمِينَ مِنْ أَنصَارٍ” -

meaning – {Whoever joins other gods with Allâh, Allâh will forbid him the Paradise, and the Fire will be his abode. There will for the wrongdoers be no one to help}. Calling upon dead people, calling them for help and Nathr (Vows) and Thabh (Slaughtering) for them is considered so.

Second: taking other creatures as a means of worshipping, calling and asking them to intercede for them are considered as disbelief unanimously.

Third: who does not consider polytheist as disbelivers, or doubts in their disbelief, of tries to accept their religion is a disbeliever.

Fourth: who believes that the guidance of the Prophet is less perfect than other’s guidance, or who thinks that His Judgement is worse than other’s judgement, as those who prefer Tawagheet’s rule, is a disbeliever.

Fifth: whoever hates something of what the Prophet has been sent with, even if he applies it, is a disbeliever, for Allâh I said,

“ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَرِهُوا مَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأَحْبَطَ أَعْمَالَهُمْ” -

meaning – {That is because they hate the Revelation of Allâh; so He has made their deeds fruitless.}

Sixth: who mocks at something of what the Prophet has been sent with or at the Reward or the Punishments he has informed about, is a disbeliever. This is because Allâh I said,

“قُلْ أَبِاللَّهِ وَآيَاتِهِ وَرَسُولِهِ كُنتُمْ تَسْتَهْزِئُونَ. لا تَعْتَذِرُوا قَدْ كَفَرْتُمْ بَعْدَ إِيمَانِكُمْ” -

meaning – {Say (O Muhammad r): "Was it at Allâh, and His Signs, and His Messenger, that you were mocking?" Make you no excuses: you have rejected Faith after you had accepted it}.
Seventh: Magic, including distraction and commiseration (two major kinds of magic, by which magicians can distract two people from each other of make them love each other). So whosoever does this or accepts being done is a disbeliver.

Allâh I said,

“وَمَا يُعَلِّمَانِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ حَتَّى يَقُولا إِنَّمَا نَحْنُ فِتْنَةٌ فَلا تَكْفُرْ” -

meaning – {But neither of these taught anyone (such things) without saying, "We are only for trial; so do not blaspheme}.

Eighth: supporting and aiding polytheists against believers, for Allâh I said,

“وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ” -

meaning – {And he amongst you that turns to them (for friendship) is of them. Verily Allâh guides not a people unjust}.

Ninth: whosoever thinks that he could live away from the Islâmic law is a disbeliever, for Allâh I said,

“وَمَنْ يَبْتَغِ غَيْرَ الإسْلامِ دِينًا فَلَنْ يُقْبَلَ مِنْهُ وَهُوَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ الْخَاسِرِينَ” -

meaning – {If anyone desires a religion other than Islâm never will it be accepted of him; and in the Hereafter he will be in the ranks of those who have lost (all spiritual good)}.

Tenth: turning away from the Religion of Allâh (Islâm), not learning and not teaching it is disbelief, Allâh I said,

“وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ ذُكِّرَ بِآيَاتِ رَبِّهِ ثُمَّ أَعْرَضَ عَنْهَا إِنَّا مِنْ الْمُجْرِمِينَ مُنتَقِمُونَ” -

meaning – {And who does more wrong than one to whom are recited the Signs of his Lord, and who then turns away therefrom? Verily from those who transgress We shall exact (due) Retribution}.

All these contradictions are applicable to all people. No matter if one is serious or not, afraid or not, except those who are compelled, for Allâh I said,

“إِلا مَنْ أُكْرِهَ وَقَلْبُهُ مُطْمَئِنٌّ بِالإيمَانِ” -

meaning – {..Except under compulsion, his heart remaining firm in}.
All of these contradictions are the most dangerous and the most widespread phenomenon among people; therefore, Muslim has to be careful of them for the sake of himself. May Allâh protect us from what may entail His Anger, and necessitate His Punishment.

Fundamentals of Islâmic doctrine

It is well known from the sound evidence in the Book and the Sunnah that sayings and deeds are not accepted unless originate from a true doctrine. So if the doctrine is not sound then all what originates will be nullified for Allâh I said,

“وَمَنْ يَكْفُرْ بِالإيمَانِ فَقَدْ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهُ وَهُوَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ الْخَاسِرِينَ” -

meaning – {If any one rejects faith, fruitless is his work, and in the Hereafter he will be in the ranks of those who have lost (all spiritual good)}.
First, the Belief in Allâh:

The belief in Allâh necessitates the belief that He is the only worthy god being worshipped for being the only Creator, Cherisher, and Provider of the creation. It is He Who can reward their pious and punish their rebellious. In fact, it is this purpose for which He created the Worlds, He said,

“وَمَا خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَالإنسَ إِلا لِيَعْبُدُونِي. مَا أُرِيدُ مِنْهُمْ مِنْ رِزْقٍ وَمَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ يُطْعِمُونِي. إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الرَّزَّاقُ ذُو الْقُوَّةِ الْمَتِينُ” -

meaning – {I have only created Jinn and men, that they may serve Me. No Sustenance do I require of them, nor do I require that they should feed Me. For Allâh is He Who gives (all) Sustenance, - Lord of Power - steadfast (forever).}
Second, the belief in Angels:

This includes the belief in them specifically and as a whole. So Muslim has to believe that there exists Angels whom Allâh created and molded them to obey. They are of many types, some of them are assigned to hold the Throne (of Allâh), others are treasurers for Paradise and Hell, others are assigned to record people’s deeds. And we believe in those whom Allâh named such as Jibril (Gabriel), MiKa’el (Michael), Malek the treasurer of Hell, and Israfil the one who will blow the Sur (Trumpet). ‘Aishah narrated that the Prophet r said,

“خلقت الملائكة من نور وخلق الجان” -

meaning – “Angels have been created (by Allâh) from light, and jinn have been created (by Allâh) from fire without smoke, and Adam has been created (by Allâh) from what was described for you (dust)”.

Third, the belief in Books:

It should be generally believed that Allâh has descended Noble Books unto His Prophets and Messengers to clarify His Right on people and invoke it. We believe specifically in those which Allâh named like the Tawrat (Torah), the Injil (Gospel), the Zabur (Psalms), and the Qua’ân. In fact, Qur'ân is the Last and the Best of them, and it is the Book which overwhelmed and confirmed what had preceded. Moreover, it is the Book to which the entire nation has to resort in judgement in addition to the sound Sunnah reported, Allâh I said,

“وَأَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنْ الْكِتَابِ وَمُهَيْمِنًا عَلَيْهِ” -

meaning – {To you We sent the Scripture in truth, confirming the Scripture that came before it, and guarding it in safety}.

Fourth, the belief in the Messengers:

A Muslim has to believe in Messengers specifically and as a whole. So we believe that Allâh has sent to His servants warning and bearing good tidings Messengers invoking what is Truth. Consequently, he who followed their Message has won happiness, and he who left them out shall feel regret and be disappointed.

Their last and best one is our Prophet Muhammad r. Allâh I said,

“وَلَقَدْ بَعَثْنَا فِي كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ رَسُولا أَنْ اُعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَاجْتَنِبُوا الطَّاغُوتَ” -

meaning – {For We assuredly sent amongst every People a messenger, (with the Command), "Serve Allând eschew Evil}.

And He said,

“مَا كَانَ مُحَمَّدٌ أَبَا أَحَدٍ مِنْ رِجَالِكُمْ وَلَكِنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَخَاتَمَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمًا” -

meaning – {Muhammad r is not the father of any of your men, but (he is) the Messenger of Allâh, and the Seal of the Prophets}. And we believe in whom Allâh named like Nuh (Noah), Hud, Saleh, Ibrahim (Abraham), Musa (Moses), Isa (Jesus), and others may Allâh bless them all.
Fifth, the belief in the Last Day (Day of Resurrection):

This includes the belief in what Allâh has revealed and what His Messenger has informed about. These are things that shall happen after death like the grave trial and torture and ease, the Sirat (Path over Hell), Mizan (Balance of deeds), Account, Reward, and distributing books of deeds. This includes the aimed basin of the Prophet Muhammad r, seeing and speaking with Allâh which are gifted only to believers.

Sixth, the belief in Allâh’s Decree and Predestination.

It is the strict dogma that Allâh has created and owned everything, and that He has preordained the destiny of everything: guidance and going astray, and that everything is under His Control.
As for the belief in Allâh’s Preordainment, it is done according to Allâh’s Knowledge which has preceded and what His Wisdom necessitates.

It includes the following: Knowledge, Writing down, Will, Creating.

HADITH-1

HADEETH
1

حديث

Introduction

Virtues of Knowledge:

Allah the Exalted says:
“ And say: My Lord! Increase me in knowledge.” (20:114)
“ Are those who know equal to those of you who do not know?” (39: 9)
“Allah will exalt in degree those of you who believe, and those who have been granted knowledge.” (58:11)
“ It is only those who have knowledge among His slaves that fear Allah.” (35:28)

Narrated Mu’awiyah رضي الله عنه Allah ‘s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said, “When Allah wishes good for someone, He bestows upon him the understanding of religion.” [Al-Bukhari&Muslim]
Abu Hurayrah رضي الله عنه reported that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said: “A person who follows a path for acquiring knowledge, Allah will make his way to the Paradise easy” [collected by Muslim]

Commentary:
Knowledge and understanding of Din (i.e. Islam) here stands for the understanding of the Qur’an and Hadith, Islamic injunctions, and knowledge of the lawful & the unlawful. This Hadith highlights the excellence of knowledge and the fact that it is a sign of Allah’s Help to the person who possesses it and acts accordingly.



1-فضل السلام والأمر بإفشائه
عن عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنهما أن رجلا سأل الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم أي الإسلام خير؟ قال: "تطعم الطعام، وتقرأ السلام على من عرفت ومن لم تعرف" رواه البخاري ومسلم

1-Superiority of Greeting (Asslam) and Recommending its Spreading
Narrated Abdullah bin Amr رضي الله عنه : A man asked Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم “Which act in Islam is the best?” The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم replied “To give food, and to salute everyone, whether you know them or not.” [by Al-Bukhari & muslim]
Commentary:
Asslam(peace) is one of the names of Allah. To say Asslam (peace be upon you) means that you are in the protection of Allah, as Allah be with you or in your company. To feed the poor and the destitute is an act of goodness, and the fulfillment of the needs of the indigent is of the same order. Greeting everybody (saying ‘As-Salamu ‘Alaikum’), whether an acquaintance or a strange, is a good quality too. Both these acts generate mutual love and remove hatred & ill-will from hearts. All other ways of greeting are no substitute for Islamic way of greeting.
There are three forms for Asslam:
1-Asslamu alaykum (peace be upon you)
2-Asslamu alaykum wa Rahmatu Allah (peace & mercy of Allah be upon you.
3-Asslamu alaykum wa Rahmatu Allah wa Barakatuh(peace , mercy and blessing of Allah be upon you)
The best form to be much rewarded is the complete one.
Instructions:
1-Delivering Asslam is sunnah (optional) but its response is obligatory.
2-Good morning or good afternoon is not the Islamic greeting .
3-We should greet whom we know and whom we do not know.
4-It is permissible to greet by gesture while uttering Asslam(if the other person cannot hear you)
5-We should start phone talk with Asslam.
6-We would say Asslam when we are leaving.
7-Promoting feeding & greeting.


2-طيب الكلام وطلاقة الوجه
عن أبي ذر رضي الله عنه قال:قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم:"لا تحقرن من المعروف شيئا، ولو أن تلقى أخاك بوجه طلق"رواه مسلم

2-Politeness of Speech & Kindness of Meeting
Narrated Abu Dharr رضي الله عنه : Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said: “Do not disdain a good deed, (no matter how small it may seem) even if it is your meeting with your (Muslim)brother with a cheerful face.” [Muslim]

Commentary:
This Hadith guides us that a Muslim should not scorn what ever Islam teach us to do even little things. A Muslim should meet his Muslim brothers happily & smilingly, though it may appear quite insignificant to some people, because it is said that the appearance always reflects the essence. Therefore, meeting your brothers happily & cheerfully leads to their happiness and love for the sake of Allah. Now,one can feel the importance Islam gives to moral values and good manners.

Instructions:
1- Not to look down upon the good even little things.
2- Using cheerfulness and flexibility with friends & brothers.
3- Motivation of what makes the Islamic brotherhood bondage stronger.
4- Cheerfulness in front of your brothers is required (good).



3-العفو والتسامح
عن عائشة رضي الله عنها أنها قالت : "ما خير رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بين أمرين إلا أخذ أيسرهما ما لم يكن إثما ، فإن كان إثما كان أبعد الناس منه ، وما انتقم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لنفسه إلا أن تنتهك حرمة الله فينتقم لله بها:"رواه البخاري ومسلم

3-Forgiveness and Tolerance
Narrated by Aishahرضي الله عنها “Whenever Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم was given a choice between two matters , He would choose the easier course as long as it was not sinful to do so; but if it was sinful ,he was most strict in avoiding it. Allah’s Messenger never took revenge upon anything for his own sake; but when Allah’s Legal Bindings were violated, he would take revenge for Allah’s sake. [Al-Bukhari & Muslim]
Commentary:
In this Hadith, there is evidence of ease and tolerance of Islam. Prophet Mohammed صلى الله عليه وسلم always recommends the better choice unless it entails guilt(sin), thereupon he usually selects the right path. Mohammed صلى الله عليه وسلم never took revenge for himself as he pardoned the Arabian (Bedouin) who shouted at him and the other one who strongly pulled his garment hurting his shoulder. This is a self-evident proof of the Prophet’s forgiveness (pardon) except when the law of Allah is violated.
Instructions:
1-Show of Islam as a religion of ease and tolerance in all matters unless it is a guilt.
2-Pardon and tolerance lead to harmony and brotherliness among Muslims.
3-Following Prophet Mohammed صلى الله عليه وسلم as a model example for pardon, tolerance, and patience.
4-A Muslim who pardons and tolerates others is greatly rewarded by Allah the Almighty.
5-Pardon and tolerance relates to public rights but not to Divine Rights.
6-Pardon & tolerance are not motivated by inability and weakness but by the desire for Allah’s reward.
7-No reaction with evil is not a part of such pardon & tolerance.



4-حسن الخلق
عن عبد الله بن عمرو رضي الله عنهما قال: " لم يكن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فاحشا ولا متفحشا ، وكان يقول: " إن من خياركم أحسنكم أخلاقا " . رواه البخاري ومسلم

4-Morality
Abdullah bin Amr رضي الله عنه reported that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم was neither a fahish (one who speaks bad words) nor a mutafahish (one who speaks obscene evil words to make people laugh), He صلى الله عليه وسلم never used bad language. He صلى الله عليه وسلم used to say “the best amongst you are those who have the best manners and character”. [by Al-Bukhari @ Muslim]
Commentary:
There is an evidence in this Hadith that our Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم was very polite and well-mannered. He صلى الله عليه وسلم does not speak bad words nor does he speak obscene evil words to make people laugh. Obscene manners are everything that are excessive till it becomes disgusting. This includes words, deeds, and attributes. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said “Allah does not like obscene and immoral people”.
Instructions:
1-The greatness of Islamic Laws, as Islam calls for morality such as avoidance of harm, keeping smiling, and doing good.
2-Adherence to virtuous and avoidance of immorality.
3-Morality makes you closer to the status of our prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم in doomsday.
4-To respect Muslims and to treat them kindly is an aspect of morality.
5-Morality makes you favorable to Allah.
6-Top people have the best moral.



5-وجوب محبة المسلم لأخيه
عن أنس رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال:"لا يؤمن أحدكم حتى يحب لأخيه ما يحب لنفسه" رواه البخاري ومسلم

5-Muslims Must Love Each Other
On the authority of Anas ibn Malik رضي الله عنه that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said “ None of you would be a truly believer until he wishes for his Muslim brother what he wishes for himself” [ Al-Bukhari&Muslim]
Commentary:
This Hadith teaches us that we must love our brothers in Islam for the sake of Allah. We should do whatever our brothers wish on condition that it is allowed in Islam. This Hadith calls for equality and modesty. Love among Muslims cannot be achieved until we keep ourselves free from envy, hatred, and cheating.
Insructions:
1- To wish and hate for your Muslim brother like what you do for yourself is part of your perfect faith .
2- Envy and hatred cause the lack of faith.
3- To guide your Muslim brother to the good and to keep him away from injustice is part of the love for the sake of Allah.
4- Warning against selfishness (i.e. to wish everything good for yourself but not for others).



6-تحريم التباغض والتحاسد
عن أنس بن مالك رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال:" لاتباغضوا ولا تحاسدوا ولا تدابروا وكونوا عباد الله إخوانا ولا يحل لمسلم أن يهجر أخاه فوق ثلاثة أيام" متفق عليه

6-Prohibition of Hatred and Envy
Anas bin Malik narrated that Allah’s messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said: “Do not hate one another, and do not be jealous of one another, and do not desert each other, and O’ Allah’s worshippers! Be brothers. It is not permissible for any Muslim to desert(doesn’t talk to) his Muslim brother for more than three days”. [Bukhari & Muslim]
Commentary:
In this Hadith, our Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم guides us to what we ought to be as Muslim brothers characterized by love, harmony, sympathy and courtesy conducive to honorable morals keeping us away from bad morals keeping our hearts free from hatred and malice and leading us to treat each other with Islamic polite conduct (behavior). This Hadith also indicates that Islam makes the brotherhood relationship stronger than blood and kinship relationships since it is based on faith in Allah. Hence a Muslim is not permitted to desert his Muslim brother for more than three days unless there is a divine reason so that the deserted can hopefully go back to reason.
Instructions:
1-Prohibition of hatred, envy, backbiting and abandonment.
2-Prevention of harming any Muslim in any way.
3-Prohibition of forsaking a Muslim brother over three days.
4-Motivation brotherliness and familiarity among Muslims.



7- حفظ اللسان واليد من التعدي
عن أبي موسى الأشعري رضي الله عنه قال: "قلت يا رسول الله، أي الإسلام أقضل؟ قال: من سلم المسلمون من لسانه ويده". رواه البخاري

7- Keeping Tongue and Hand from Offense
Abu Musaرضي الله عنه narrated that he asked Allah’s Messenger صلىالله عليه وسلم:whose Islam is the best? (i.e. who is a good Muslim?) the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم replied, “One who avoids harming Muslims with his tongue and hands.” [Al-Bukhari]
Commentary:
In this Hadith, there is an evidence for keeping our tongues from harming Muslims by all means. The tongue is specified because it is the part that can express about the heart.
Also, it is an evidence for keeping the hand from harming Muslims. The hand is mentioned here because most actions are done by the hands.
Instructions:
1-No transgression of others’ rights even little rights
2-The best among Muslims are those who avoid harming others.
3- Not cursing anybody
4-Mentioning something that people do not like is harmful.
5-Avoiding reporting what causes enmity and division among friends
6-Warning against taking anything from others unless you take a permission



8- الترغيب في الصدق والتحذير من الكذب
عن ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه قال:قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم "إن الصدق يهدي إلى البر،وإن البر يهدي إلى الجنة، وإن الرجل ليصدق حتى يكتب عند الله صديقا،وإن الكذب يهدي إلى الفجور، وإن الفجور يهدي إلى النار، وإن الرجل ليكذب حتىيكتب عند الله كذابا" متفق عليه

8-Endearment of Truthfulness & Caution from Falsehood
Narrated Ibn Masaud رضي الله عنه :Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said: “Truth leads to piety and piety leads to Paradise. A man persists in speaking the truth till he is recorded with Allah as a truthful man. Falsehood leads to transgression and transgression leads to Hell-fire. A man continues to speak falsehood till he is recorded with Allah as a great liar”. [Al-Bukhari & Muslim]
Commentary:
In this Hadith, there is a sign that a person who seeks truth in his words, truthfulness will be his own characteristic. And a person who seeks falsehood and tells lies intentionally, the falsehood will be his characteristic. Therefore, good and evil attributes are continually
gained by practice and acquisition. This Hadith is also evidence of magnificent truth conducive to Paradise. It is also evidence of the great danger of falsehood conducive to the Hell-fire.
Instructions:
1-Truth is among the good morals that Islam calls for.
2-Islam instructs that a person’s words must reflect his beliefs.
3-Truth is one way leading to Paradise.
4-A believer characterized by truth is beloved by Allah and people.
5-Guiding colleagues and friends that truth is the way to salvation from the Hell-fire.
6-Telling lies is a bad habit that Islam forbids.
7-It is a duty to advise liars to stop falsehood.
8-Falsehood is one way leading to the Hell-fire.




9-تأثير الأصدقاء على الإنسان
عن أبي موسى الأشعري رضي الله عنه أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال ((إنما مثل الجليس الصالح وجليس السوء، كحامل المسك، ونافخ الكير، فحامل المسك، إما أن يحذيك، وإما أن تبتاع منه، وإما أن تجد منه ريحاًطيبةً، ونافخ الكير، إما أن يحرق ثيابك، وإما أن تجد منه ريحاً منتنة)) .متفق عليه


9-The Influence of Friends on their Friend
Narrated Abu Musa Al-Ash’ari رضي الله عنه: I heard Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم saying, “ The similitude of good company and that of bad company is that of the owner of musk and of the one blowing the bellows. The owner of musk would either offer you some free of charge, or you would buy it from him, or at least you would smell its pleasant odour` ; and as for the one who blows the bellows(i.e., the blacksmith), he would either burn your clothes or at least you shall have to smell a repugnant smell.” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
Commentary:
This Hadith enjoins that one should sit in the company of the pious persons and avoid the impious ones because the former has the quality of a perfume seller and the latter of a blacksmith. In the association of pious men, one stands to gain all the time and ultimately becomes like them. In bad company one is out-and-out a loser and can never hope to gain any benefit from them.
Instructions:
1-Interest of Islam in guiding Muslims to the pious people gatherings.
2-A human being is influenced by his friend whether good or bad.
3-Care for the company of good people
4-Pious people help a person to do the good and avoid the bad.
5-A Muslim should avoid those of bad habits such as leaving prayers, smoking, etc.



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10-الدلالة على خير والدعوة إلى هدى أو ضلالة
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: " من دعا إلى هدى كان له من الأجر مثل أجور من تبعه لا ينقص ذلك من أجورهم شيئاً، ومن دعا إلى ضلالة كان عليه من الإثم مثل آثام من تبعه لا ينقص ذلك من آثامهم شيئاً" رواه مسلم.


10- Calling to Right Guidance and Forbidding Depravity
Narrated Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه : Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said: “If anyone calls others to follow right guidance, his reward will be equivalent to those who follow him (in righteousness) without their reward being diminished in any respect on that account; and if anyone invites others to follow error, the sin, of which he is guilty, will be equivalent to those of the people who follow him (in sinfulness) without their sins being diminished in any respect on that account.” [Muslim]
Commentary:
‘Invitation’ and ‘Call’ stand to mean here that someone induces others to virtue or seduces them to sin by means of his speech or action. We come to know from this Hadith that one who becomes a medium for either of them is given a reward or punishment respectively by Allah.
Our Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said also “ Whoever guides someone to virtue will be rewarded equivalent to him who practices that good deed.”
Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم here arouses the interest of his ‘Ummah’ (i.e.,his people,Muslims) in doing good and calling others for it. And when a Muslim calls others for the good ,s/he will get a great reward from Allah . Also, when a person calls, helps, encourages others to commit a sin, s/he will be given the same punishment.
Instructions:
1-Excellence and urging of guiding to the good
2-The given reward of the guide will be exactly the same as the rewards of the followers.
3-A severe threat is for those who call people for a heresy or a delusion which is a reason for deviating of people from what is right.

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